Rotary-air-percussion, stabilizer and reamer drill bit of its own true gauge



O 10, 96 R. BEYER 3 346,060

. I ROTARY-AIR-PERCUSSI STABILIZ A REAMER DRILL OWN Y BIT OF TRU A FiledDec. 26, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

LEAMAN REX BEVER A T TORNEV Oct. 10, 1967 L R. BEYER 3,?L46,060

ROTARY-AIR-PERCUSSIdN, STABILIZER AND REAMER DRIL BIT OF ITS OWN TRUEGAUGE Filed Dec. 23, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /2 w \u /0 j j J 8 5 I3 2 /Z10 l 10 2 a J a INVENTOR.

LEA/WAN REX BEYER A 7' TOR/VEV United States Patent Ofiice 3,3463%Patented Oct. 10, 1967 r 3,346,060 ROTARY-AlR-PERCUSSEON, STABILIZER ANDREAMER DRILL BET OF ITS OWN TRUE GAUGE Leaman Rex Beyer, Newton County,Diamond, Mo. 64840 Filed Dec. 23, 1965, Ser. No. 517,183 8 Claims. (Cl.175410) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A rotary percussion bit that has afiat bottom face in which downwardly projecting tungsten carbide insertsare mounted and curved side Walls extending substantiallyperpendicularly to the bottom face. Intersecting grooves in the sideWalls extend both around and lengthwise of the bit and fluid inlets leadinto the lengthwise extending grooves, which have magnets in them. Thegrooves extending around the bit are V-shaped in cross section and havetungsten carbide inserts mounted in one slanting wall of each groove atan oblique angle to the axis of the drill bit.

This invention relates to improvements in air hammer percussion reamerdrilling bits, and particularly to rotary air hammer bits, havingeffective penetration and reaming of the holes and satisfactory drillingof a hole in varying formations such as hard, medium, and soft rock, orclay and sand. v

Briefly summarized, the invention relates to a drill bit adapted to beconnected with rotating and percussion means at its upper end, said bitincluding a body portion having a horizontal bottom face, verticallyspaced curved side wall portions, which may be vertically aligned or cutback at an angle of from three to four degrees upwardly, said bit havingdrill-cuttings grooves in the sides and the bottom face of the head, andtwo rows of upper tungsten carbide cutters, located in the upper part ofthe head for reaming of the hole while drilling, assuring the gauge ofthe bit and of the hole, and stabilizing the bit, hammer and drill pipewhile drilling.

An object of my invention is to so locate the tungsten carbide insertsas to assure the reaming of the drilled hole thereby and keeping thehole and head of the bit at all times full gauge. Another object is toprovide a substantially right angular corner between the bottom face ofthe bit'and the adjacent curved side wall and provide carbide cutters inthe head of the bit that extend substantially vertically. This preventsthe carbide cutters from breaking off while drilling and assures thedrilling of a true gauge hole at all times.

Another object is to provide magnets in the water and air courses, whichdraw broken pieces of carbide off the bottom of the hole and hold themin the grooves provided in the sides of the drill head.

One of the principal objects of my invention is to provide water and aircourses for the free passage of drill cuttings and of the exhaust of thehammer through the bit, said water and air courses being provided bymeans of the grooves in the sides andbottom of the face of the head,which have air and water inlets leading into certain of the same.

While the invention is susceptible to modification and alternativeconstruction due to the fact of difference in diameter of bits and theiruses in hard and soft formation of rock, I do show in the drawings andwill herein describe in detail the preferred embodiment, but it is to beunderstood that I do not intend to limit the invention to any specificsize of drilling bit.

FIG. 1 is a bottom plan view slightly in perspective of my improved bit,

' FIG. 2 is a side elevation thereof, and

FIG. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 FIG. 1, the drill shank beingbroken away.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in thedifferent views of the drawing.

The percussion air hammer drill bit has a shank 1, and a main bodyportion 2. Pairs of diametrically opposite drill-cuttings grooves 4extend lengthwise of said bit, one pair thereof being connected by meansof a transverse groove in the bottom face 3 of said bit, said transversegroove providing a recess centrally of said bottom face. Magnets 5 aremounted in said grooves 4. The corner 6 between the bottom face 3 andadjacent curved side wall portions is substantially square.

The carbide compacts 7 are mounted in the body portion to extendsubstantially vertically with the rounded end portions thereofprojecting downwardly from the bottom face 3 of the drill. The carbidecompacts 10 adjacent the corner 6 of the head serve as reaming cutters.Openings 9 lead from a suitable supply passage for air and water underpressure in said bit into the grooves 4. V- shaped air and water grooves11 are provided in the side walls of the bit between the grooves 4,having inclined walls 12 and 13, the walls 13 being provided with reamercarbide compacts 10.

The air and water courses provided by means of the grooves 4 and 11provide for passage of drill cuttings on their way out of the hole. Thereamer carbides 10 at all times keeps the hole and bit to a full gaugeand ream the hole as the bit drills. The grooves 11 pass the drillcuttings to the drill-cuttings grooves 4 on their way past the bit outof the hole. The carbide compacts 10 in the grooves 11 keep the holereamed at all times.

The magnets 5 in recesses in the drill cutting grooves 4, which are themain vertical water, air and drill cuttings courses, close to the bottomof the hole draw the broken pieces of carbides through cuttings grooves4 and hold same in the recesses. V

The construction of the head 2 of the bit and the length of same, makesit possible when the face 3 of the bit and the carbide compacts 7 areworn to cut off the head 2 at 8. New cuttings-grooves can be then cut inthe resulting bottom face of the bit and new carbides 7 inserted. Thismakes a new bit at about one-half price of a new bit, as the shank 1 andthe head 2 will be in good condition, due to the fact there is no orlittle wear on shank 1 and remainder of the head 2.

Conventional bits do have a 30 to 38 degree taper, so called heeltaper-bevel or outside gauge bevel. This is the cause of the bevel orgauge side carbides compacts breaking off while drilling. In myinvention the square corners or flat corners 6 between the bottom face 3and adjacent side wall portion of my bit makes it possible to insert thecarbides substantially vertically. This position of inserted carbideskeeps the carbide compacts from breaking off when drilling.

The upper reamer carbide compacts are inserted on a forty-five degreeangle to the longitudinal axis of the bit. The bit illustrated isprovided with two upper rows of carbides 10 and a lower or bottom row ofcarbide compacts 10, the carbide compacts 10 being all reaming carbides,and there being twelve carbide inserts in each of said rows.

The air and water holes at 9 in FIGURE 1 provide free passage of air andwater through the bit to the cuttingsgrooves and then free passage outof the drill hole between the bit and the wall of the hole.

The bevel drill cuttings grooves 11 provide free passage of the drillcuttings therethrough and to drill-cuttings grooves 4 on their way outof the hole.

While this invention has been described with particular reference to theconstruction shown in the drawings and while various changes may be madein the detail construction for different sizes of bits and because ofvarious designs of air hammers and various capacities of air pressureused in the hammers, it shall be understood that such changes will bewithin the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by theappended claims.

Having thus completed and fully described the invention, what is nowclaimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent of theUnited States is:

1. A rotary percussion bit having a body portion having a flat bottomface, inserts of hard, wear resistant material mounted in said bodyportion and projecting downwardly from said flat bottom face, said bodyportion having a convexly curved side wall having outwardly openinggrooves therein extending lengthwise thereof said grooves extendingthrough said flat bottom face, said side walls having outwardly openinggrooves extending circumferentially thereof between said lengthwiseextending grooves and connected therewith, said lengthwise extendinggrooves having fluid inlets leading into the same, said lengthwise andcircumferentially extending grooves defining convexly curved side wallportions spaced lengthwise of said bit, and inserts of hard, wearresistant material mounted in and projecting from the walls of saidcircumferentially extending grooves with the ends thereof in substantialalignment with said curved side wall portions.

2. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which saidcircumferentially extending grooves are V-shaped in cross section.

3. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which said insertsprojecting from the walls of said circumferentially extending groovesextend in an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of said bit.

4. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which said convexlycurved side wall portions include side wall portions extendingsubstantially perependicularly to said fiat bottom face.

5. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which saidcircumferentially extending grooves have inclined walls facing towardthe bottom end of said bit and said inserts project from said inclinedwalls of said grooves at an angle of approximately forty-five degrees tothe longitudinal axis of said bit.

6. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which said lengthwiseextending grooves include a pair of diametrically opposed grooves and inwhich said bottom face is provided with a groove connecting said pair oflengthwise extending grooves.

7. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 in which said lengthwiseextending grooves include a pair of diametrically opposed grooves andsaid bottom face has a central recess connected with said pair oflengthwise extending grooves.

8. The rotary percussion bit claimed in claim 1 having magnets mountedin said lengthwise extending grooves.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,774,570 12/1956 Cunningham 41OX 3,071,201 1/1963 Phipps 175410 3,185,228 5/1965 Kelly 175410 3,258,0776/1966 Phipps 175-410 X 3,269,470 8/1966 Kelly 1754l0 CHARLES E.OCONNELL, Primary Examiner.

N. C. BYERS, JR., Assistant Examiner.

1. A ROTARY PERCUSSION BIT HAVING A BODY PORTION HAVING A FLAT BOTTOMFACE, INSERTS OF HARD, WEAR RESISTANT MATERIAL MOUNTED IN SAID BODYPORTION AND PROJECTING DOWNWARDLY FROM SAID FLAT BOTTOM FACE, SAID BODYPORTION HAVING A CONVEXLY CURVED SIDE WALL HAVING OUTWARDLY OPENINGGROOVES THEREIN EXTENDING LENGTHWISE THEREOF SAID GROOVES EXTENDINGTHROUGH SAID FLAT BOTTOM FACE, SAID SIDE WALLS HAVING OUTWARDLY OPENINGGROOVES EXTENDING CIRCUMFERENTIALLY THEREOF BETWEEN SAID LENGTHWISEEXTENDING GROOVES AND CONNECTED THEREWITH, SAID LENGTHWISE EXTENDINGGROOVES HAVING FLUID INLETS LEADING INTO THE SAME, SAID LENGTHWISE ANDCIRCUMFERENTIALLY EXTENDING GROOVES DEFINING CONVEXLY CURVED SIDE WALLPORTIONS SPACED LENGTHWISE OF SAID BIT, AND INSERTS OF HARD, WEARRESISTANT MATERIAL